Dr. Allama Muhammad Iqbal

JUN 5,2024
BY NR.BALOCH
Among the notions that have assumed the form of symbols in Hazrat Iqbal’s poetry, the concept of Shaheen holds a unique place.
O Tairla hoti, death is better with that sustenance
The lack of flight from which comes the sustenance
Allama Iqbal, commonly known as Sir Muhammad Iqbal (1877–1938), was a notable Muslim politician, poet, and philosopher of the 20th century. His philosophical poetry in Urdu about Islam and the necessity of the cultural and intellectual reconstruction of Islamic society has made him particularly well-known in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Nepal.
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In British India, he is also referred to as the “Spiritual Father of Pakistan” by the Tehreek-e-Pakistan movement. When Iqbal performed Nale Yatyim at the Anjuman-e-Himat Islamia’s annual gathering in Lahore in 1899, he became well-known. His poetry up till 1905, such as Taranarana Hind (also known as Sare Jahan Si Ichcha), assumed a patriotic tone.
The collection of Urdu poetry Bang-dara (1924) was written by Iqbal during three distinct eras of his life. In his earlier work, he also wrote about well-known Indian individuals like Ram Ramathirath, Guru Nanak, and Ram.
It was Allama Iqbal who initially suggested that Indian Muslims have their own nation, Pakistan.
The two country theory was created by him. Along with being a brilliant thinker and poet, he was also a great moralist, educator, and reformer.
The majority of Iqbal’s poetry is composed in Persian, not Urdu. Of his 12,000 poetry verses, over 7,000 are in Persian. In 1915, he released Asrar-e-Khodi, his debut collection of poems. In Persian, Asrar-e-Khodi means “Secrets from Himself.”
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The poems emphasize the soul and the ego from a religious perspective. This has been dubbed Iqbal’s best poetry work by several commentators. Iqbal outlines his concept of “Khudi,” or “Self,” in Israr-e-Khudi. Iqbal claimed that the divine spark that resides in every human being is known as the “spirit” in the Holy Qur’an and that this spirit was present in Adam, the person for whom God created everything. This use of the term “Khudi” is associated with this idea. gave the angel the order to bow down in front of Adam.
Even Iqbal himself denounces the devastation. He believes that self-realization is the ultimate goal of existence. He lays out the steps by which the one who knows the “Self” can advance to the position of vice president of God prior to the “Self”‘s ultimate completion.
Among the notions that have assumed the form of symbols in Hazrat Iqbal’s poetry, the concept of Shaheen holds a unique place.
At the start of the 1900s, Iqbal’s debut poetry “Himala” was made available to the public. After this series ended, he continued to publish his poetry, which expressed his patriotism and taste for Hassan, for the next five or six years. And nature’s reflection was harmony. He visited Europe during this time, living first in Heidelberg, Germany, and then for a spell in Cambridge.
Notable among the intellectual ideas he adopted while living in Germany was Nietzsche’s theory of vitality.
Outside of the ideological circles, there was much unrest, and Germany, led by Kaiser William, was hard at work getting ready to conquer the world. Iqbal’s school of thought has been greatly influenced by the nation’s activity and loftiness as well as the individual self-awareness and confidence of the German people.A testament to this impact is the sound of the hawk bird that sang in their skies for five years straight, atop the ships’ masts as well as the masts of Caesar’s army and mountaineers. tended to
The earliest known instance of Shahbaz in an Iqbal poem is “Margh Hawa,” written just before the First World War.
A rooster said this to the rooster
If it is veiled, then am I not veiled?
If I fall, I am also a loser
If he is free, I am also arrested
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Without a doubt, the idea of the most dynamic country in Europe was characterized by imperial power, swiftness, lofty flight, far-sightedness, and the authentic manifestation of its materialistic worldview, but when Iqbal Upon embracing it, his eastern spirituality permeated his creation, embellishing it with the aforementioned attributes, Dervish, Qalandari, and lofty traits of selflessness and altruism, so elevating him to the pinnacle of existence for his country’s youth. prepared and offered.
The well-known poem “Shaheen” by “Baal Jibreel” provides a glimpse into the life of Shaheen-Iqbal and serves as a reminder of his asceticism.
Did I avoid this sketch?
Where the name of sustenance is water and grain
I like the solitude of the wilderness
From eternity, nature is a dead nun
In his poetry, Iqbal has portrayed Shaheen as a unique emblem.
It is the bird he adores. It is as significant to Iqbal as the skylark is to Shelley and the bulbul is to cats, but Shaheen is considered more important than both of them as she possesses some of these attributes. which, in Iqbal’s words, are in line with his fundamental teachings; hence, Jaganu, Parwana, Taos, Bulbul, Pigeon, Deer, etc., have been named.
Still, they think Shaheen is better than the others. Iqbal has favored hawks and hawks above bulbuls and moons in his similes and metaphors. Has anyone written an effective piece that demonstrates how Iqbal’s feelings and intuition drive poetry the most? Because of his inherent “force” nature, he finds more metaphors in the hawk and falcon than in the bulbul and the moon.
Shaheen is a representation of Muslim youth in Iqbal.
Jalal is preferred by Iqbal above Jamal. Birds that are only decorative or that convey calm rather than action are of little interest to Iqbal.
Repentance by imitating Kar Bulbul and Taos
Bulbul is only sound, peacock only color
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In a letter to Ahmad Siddiqui, Zafar explains why Iqbal finds the Shaheen emblem appealing.
“This animal embodies every aspect of Islamic poverty, making the Shaheen’s simile more than merely a poetic allegory.
He does not devour the victim if he is slain by someone else because he is a proud and self-righteous man. That it doesn’t build a nest is unimportant. Soaring high. He lives alone. have a keen eye.”
Iqbal argues that these characteristics characterize a man of faith. He want for the youth to possess these attributes as well. There isn’t another bird that can serve as an example for young people save Shaheen. No poet in Urdu has viewed Shaheen in this light. Iqbal depicted Shaheen in this way in his poem Shaheen from Bal Jibreel.
It is necessary to abstain from the hypocrites
The payments are very generous
I am not hungry for bath and pigeon
That is the zahadana of life
Flip, flip, flip
It is an excuse to keep the blood warm
Yeh Purab, Yeh Pachham, the world of Chakurs
My next sky is boundless
I am the dervish of the world of birds
That the king does not make a nest?
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If we carefully consider the attributes of the Shaheen in the context of Iqbal’s own words—qualities that led to the Shaheen becoming his favorite animal—we will be better able to comprehend Iqbal’s conception of the Shaheen. These characteristics are
The biggest quality in a dervish is pride and independence, and Shaheen possesses both of these qualities. For example, he does not consume dead prey like a grouse or chew grain found by chance with a rooster. This is the distinction between a philosopher and a dervish. Although vultures are thought to be able to soar to great heights, they do not possess live prey, or reality.
He was tall but not brave
Hakeem was unlucky in love
Then there are griggs in the air, if they are kings
Shikar remained unlucky with the pleasures of the living
Iqbal asserts that one of the main characteristics of a male dervish is poverty; in the same way as a Shaheen cannot subjugate Chakor, a dervish also does not give a damn about the monarchs. Iqbal advises Shaheen to stay away from Chakur and Girgs’ company.
The Shaheen’s capacity to capture live prey will expire in Zag and Girgus’ presence, and he will develop their avarice and forfeit his fortune. Thus, by acquiring the traits of a hawk, even a poor man will defeat the forces of deception or conquer nature and the cosmos instead of engaging in the game of hunting birds, pigeons, or falcons.
Born in man from this poverty
Glory to Allah
Death to Kanjishka and Hamam
Its location is Shahbaz
Iqbal also enjoys Shaheen’s act since it shows that he does not construct a nest because doing so would be an insult to his lack of wealth.
He spends time in this mountain wilderness
It is a shame for the kings to be locked up
Dervish views capital accumulation as anti-Dervish, just like Shaheen does. Iqbal requests that Shaheen make his home among the mountain rocks rather than above Qasr Sultani’s dome.
They say that when the spirit of the eagle is born in a young person, they perceive their destiny in the heavens.
When the eagle spirit awakens in the youth
They see their destination in the heavens
No, you are sitting on the dome of Qasr-e-Sultani
So there are kings living in the rocks of the mountains
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Iqbal’s Shaheen is distinguished by his loftiness. Shaheen’s loftiness appeals to Iqbal since it opens up new options for him to pursue his goals. Iqbal desires for his male believer to possess this quality of Shaheen.
Do not be satisfied with the world of color and smell
There are fireplaces and fireplaces
So kings, flight is your work
There are other skies before you
Shaheen in Iqbal’s writings prefers to be alone himself; he stays away from crows, chakurs, and pigeons. Growing up among the Girgs, a Shaheen alienates Iqbal from the Shahbazi ceremony, which is why he dislikes them.
High flight born in Hoi Na Zag
Spoiled by Shahin child, the companionship of Zag
Those deluded kings who grew up in the ghouls
What does he know about the royal ritual?
Both are flying in the same atmosphere
There is another place where the kings belong
In addition, Iqbal believes that a man of faith ought to possess the falcon’s excellent eyesight and binocular vision. The falcon’s flight extends his field of view. They are hidden in the maze, visible only to Shahbaz’s discerning eye.
But O Shahbaz, these chickens of the desert are untouchable
They are unaware of the intricacies of the sky
What do they know about the status and location of this bird?
There is a soul whose tail is flying
Iqbal preaches about a life of hardship and diligence. This trait also applies to Shaheen. Iqbal aspires to instill in Muslim youth these attributes of Shaheen and elevate them to idol status. that happiness can be achieved in life by working hard and working hard.
Ye Shabab, the name of burning in the fire of his blood
Hard work is bitter life
In reality, hard work is just a pretext to keep the blood warm.
Flip over, flip over
It is an excuse to keep the blood warm
Two poems by Iqbal, titled Ant and Eagle, have an ant asking an eagle questions.
I am poor, miserable, troubled and in pain
Why is your place higher than the stars?
Eagle answers.
Turzak finds its own in the dust of the road
I don’t even look at Sahpar
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Shaheen is liked by Iqbal because to his strength. Iqbal is highly desirous of all forms of energy and vigor.
Iqbal believes that birds like partridges and pigeons are victims only because of their vulnerability, and that peacocks, moonshine, and bulbuls are symbols of helpless beauty. This is very nicely put in one of Iqbal’s poetry. What is evident? They claim that it is well known that Abu Lala Al-Maari never consumed meat. To cheer him up, a buddy sent him a roasted pheasant. Mari started sorting out the pheasant’s philosophy instead of being impressed by the look of the delicacy.
“Do you know why you were arrested and reached this state and what is the sin for which you were arrested?” he asked the partridge.
It is a pity that the kings were not made
Your eye did not see the signs of nature
This is the Fatwa of the Judge of Destiny from eternity
The punishment for the crime of weakness is death
Qabal is a great admirer of independence and liberty, and he recognizes this virtue in Shaheen’s character.
Shaheen of Iqbal cannot be the Sultan and Mir’s pet falcon, but he needs independence. Iqbal yells out of the blue as he witnesses the Muslims of India acting like slaves.
They are deceitful kings who have grown up among the ghouls
What does he know about the royal ritual?
Iqbal says that Shaheen can only be curious in a free environment; otherwise, his slave mentality turns him into a coward and a weakling. However, he values curiosity about as highly as a leopard’s liver. Not so much, yet the need for curiosity is crucial since without it, our creative faculties would be lacking.
The liver of a leopard should be the curiosity of kings
You can live without enlightenment
A male believer should possess a curious nature like to a bird, since this will enable them to unlock the mysteries of the cosmos and aid in their quest for strength and knowledge. Iqbal refers to the nation’s youth as monarchs’ offspring. Sadly, they lack the necessary education and training even though they possess the traits of Shaheen.
They bemoan the Lord of Education to God.
I have a complaint from the school
Shaheen is giving lessons to the children about khabbazi
Following his return from travels to Afghanistan and Spain in 1933, Iqbal experienced an unexplained illness of the throat. During his final years, he assisted Chaudhry Niaz Ali Khan in founding the Dar-ul-Islam Trust Institute, which was to be subsidized instruction in modern social sciences and classical Islam, at the Jamalpur estate near Pathankot.
He was an independent Muslim state supporter as well. In 1934, Iqbal ceased his legal practice and received a pension from the Nawab of Bhopal. For spiritual instruction in his later years, he frequently traveled to Lahore to the Dargah of the well-known Sufi Ali Hajveri. The sickness claimed Iqbal’s life for several months, and he passed away in Lahore on April 21, 1938. The Pakistani government provides formal guards for his grave in Hazara Bagh, a walled area situated between the entry gates of Lahore Fort and the Badshahi Mosque.
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